What are the main categories of yarn

Yarn is a thin and long product made of fibers or filaments through one twist, with tensile strength and softness. The strand is a product made of two or more yarns combined and twisted for the second time, and its fineness, strength, and uniformity are improved compared with the yarn. Strong is a product made of strands and all twisted a third time. There are many kinds of yarns and different hairstyles. This article divides them according to their structural characteristics.
(1) Staple yarn
The yarn composed of cotton, wool, and other fibers is called spun yarn, and its structure is complex and slightly different due to different spinning and twisting methods. Generally speaking, in the center of the yarn is a yarn core composed of dense fibers, and on the surface of the yarn, there is a fluff area formed by the exposed fiber heads. An untwisted spun yarn structure shows more and more complex entanglements between the surfaces of the core layers than a filament yarn. There are also many fiber knots in the low-quality spun yarn. Due to the random arrangement of fibers, and the variation of twist and fineness, coarse details in the yarn length direction are caused. With the different adding methods, the quality and uniformity of spun yarn are also very different. The spun yarn is bulky in structure, plump in appearance, and has good thermal insulation and comfort; this is mainly due to the presence of air in the voids in the yarn.
(2) Filament yarn
Multiple silk or chemical fiber monofilaments are combined and twisted to form a filament yarn. Smooth filament yarn (without texturing) is uniform, shiny and strong. Chemical fiber filament yarn is used for clothing raw materials, and its characteristics are that the fabric is smooth, colorful, easy to wash, and quick-drying; but it lacks the warmth and comfort of natural fiber fabrics. Bag.
(3) Bulk yarn
The bulked yarn itself is a spun or filament yarn, but has a larger apparent volume than the original yarn, and is bulky and soft. It includes the following three;
1. Bulked yarn Acrylic yarn fiber is thermoplastic, and when heated, it will generate a large elongation, and then be cooled and fixed to form a high-shrinkage fiber. This fiber is blended with ordinary fibers to make spun yarn. After steaming, the high-shrinkage fibers shrink longitudinally and gather in the core of the yarn, while the ordinary fibers form crimps or loops and bulge, making the yarn structure Bulk, the volume increases, this is the bulked yarn. Polyester Filament
2. The textured yarn is the filament yarn that has undergone texture processing. In the production process, some methods are applied to make the silk fibers produce permanent crimps, loops, and wrinkles, so that the space between the fibers increases and the yarn body is bulky. Therefore, textured yarns have the important properties of spun yarns—both warm and breathable.
3. Elastic yarn has a high degree of elongation (3-5 times) and recovery ability. When it is fully stretched, it is like a normal filament yarn; when it is fully relaxed, it is like a bulked yarn. The vast majority of stretch yarns are made of thermoplastic filaments (nylon), which are false twisted and heat set to produce permanent crimps without entanglement between the filaments. Knitted underwear made with it has a snug fit.
(4) fancy yarn (thread)
Fancy yarn has a fancy appearance for decoration, and there are many varieties and production methods. The structure of fancy yarn consists of core yarn, decorative yarn, and fixed yarn. The core yarn bears the strength and is the main yarn; the decorative yarn is wrapped around the core yarn with a twist to form the effect; the fixed yarn is wrapped around the outer circumference of the decorative yarn in the opposite twist direction to fix the pattern, but there are also cases where the fixed yarn is not used. The following introduces the names and composition characteristics of several common fancy yarns (threads);
1. Knot thread The decorative yarn is twisted and twisted at the same place many times.
2. Spiral thread is made by combining and twisting two yarns with different fineness, twists, and types.
3. Thick knot line The soft and thick fiber bundle is attached to the core yarn, and the outer is wrapped with fixed yarn.
4. Circle thread The decorative thread forms a closed circle and is wrapped with a fixed yarn.
5. Knotted thread The decorative yarn is wound on the core wire in a helical manner but is thrown into a circle shape at intervals.
6. The chenille thread is sandwiched between the core thread and the horizontal decorative yarn. The end of the decorative yarn is loose with plush.
7. Diamond-shaped metal wire Wrap another color, thin decorative wire, and solid wire on the outer periphery of the metal core wire (made of aluminum foil or metal-sprayed material with a transparent protective film), with a diamond-shaped pattern effect.
(5) Composite yarn (thread)
The composite yarn (thread) is uniform on the outside and consists of yarns of different components. There are two kinds:
1. Core-spun yarn Its center yarn is covered by fiber or another yarn. For example, an elastic thread has a rubber band in the center, and the outer periphery is wrapped with yarn. Another example is polyester-cotton yarn, which is wrapped in polyester filament with high quality, the cotton outer shell makes the yarn sewable, and the polyester core makes the yarn strong.
2. Wrapping yarn The outer circumference of the untwisted fiber bundle (staple or filament) is wrapped with filament.